Preaching is one of the most important responsibilities of a pastor or church leader. A sermon is more than a speech—it is a message from God’s Word delivered to encourage, challenge, and guide the congregation. To prepare a sermon effectively requires prayer, study, and organization. While each preacher develops their own style, there are seven essential steps that can help anyone prepare a clear, powerful, and Spirit-led sermon.
1. Pray for Guidance
The first and most vital step is prayer. Before choosing a text or writing notes, the preacher must seek God’s direction. James 1:5 reminds us that if we lack wisdom, we should ask God, who gives generously. Prayer opens the heart to hear from the Holy Spirit and ensures that the sermon is not based on human opinion but divine inspiration. During this stage, it is wise to ask God what the congregation needs to hear and how He wants His Word to be delivered.
2. Choose the Passage or Theme
Once guided by prayer, the next step is selecting a passage of scripture or a theme. Some preachers follow a lectionary, while others choose based on current needs in the church or community. It is important to select a text that is clear, meaningful, and rich in lessons. For example, John 15 on the vine and branches could be used to teach about abiding in Christ. Choosing the right passage ensures the sermon stays grounded in God’s Word.
3. Study the Text Carefully
After selecting a passage, deep study follows. This involves reading the scripture in different translations, examining its context, and understanding its original meaning. Tools such as commentaries, Bible dictionaries, and concordances can help shed light on difficult words or cultural background. Ask questions such as: Who wrote this text? Who was the audience? What was happening at the time? What is the main message? Careful study prevents misinterpretation and ensures the sermon is biblically accurate.
4. Develop the Main Idea
Every good sermon has one clear message. Listeners should be able to summarize the sermon in a single sentence. For example, from John 15, the main idea might be: “True life and fruitfulness come only by abiding in Christ.” Developing a main idea keeps the sermon focused and prevents wandering into unrelated points. It also helps the preacher stay disciplined in preparation and delivery.
5. Create the Sermon Outline
With the main idea in place, the next step is outlining. A strong outline organizes thoughts in a way that flows logically. A simple structure may include:
- Introduction – Capture attention with a story, question, or illustration.
- Main Points – Usually two to four points that expand the main idea, supported by scripture and explanation.
- Application – Show how the message applies to daily life.
- Conclusion – End with a memorable summary, call to action, or prayer.
An outline provides clarity for both preacher and listener. It ensures the sermon has direction and balance, rather than becoming scattered.
6. Add Illustrations and Applications
Illustrations make sermons relatable. Jesus Himself often used parables, stories, and everyday images to explain spiritual truths. Personal testimonies, historical examples, or current events can help listeners connect with the message. Applications are equally important. A sermon should not only explain what the text says but also guide hearers on how to live it out. For instance, from John 15, an application might be: “Spend daily time in prayer and the Word to stay connected to Christ.”
7. Practice and Pray Again
The final step is practicing the sermon and praying once more. Practicing helps with timing, clarity, and confidence. Reading it aloud reveals awkward phrases and ensures smooth delivery. More importantly, returning to prayer invites the Holy Spirit to empower the preacher. Even the best-prepared sermon needs God’s anointing to touch hearts. Prayer before preaching aligns the message with God’s will and prepares the preacher’s spirit to minister effectively.
Final Thoughts
Preparing a sermon is both an art and a spiritual discipline. These seven steps—praying for guidance, choosing the passage, studying carefully, developing the main idea, creating an outline, adding illustrations and applications, and practicing with prayer—provide a solid framework for preachers at any stage.
While techniques are important, the ultimate goal of every sermon is to glorify God and transform lives. A sermon prepared with prayer, study, and humility will always bear fruit. As Paul reminds us in 2 Timothy 4:2, “Preach the word; be prepared in season and out of season; correct, rebuke and encourage—with great patience and careful instruction.”
When these steps are followed, the preacher is not only equipped but also confident that God’s Word will accomplish its purpose in the hearts of the listeners.